Delaware’s native and naturalized plants include many edible species that appear through all parts of the year.
Even in the colder months, horseradish roots and overwintering greens like dandelion are still there beneath the surface, waiting for someone who knows how to find them. Lamb’s quarters, often mistaken for a weed, is one of the best wild greens once the weather warms up.
Black raspberries ripen fast in June, but their canes are worth spotting early before fruit even appears. Wild carrot thrives in open ground, and while it looks delicate, it’s one of the more persistent summer edibles. Trees and shrubs like serviceberry also carry fruit that ripens quickly and disappears even faster.
Once you start learning how to spot these edible species, the number of options expands fast. Delaware may be a small state, but its range of foraged plants keeps many foragers busy through every season.
What We Cover In This Article:
- The Edible Plants Found in the State
- Toxic Plants That Look Like Edible Plants
- How to Get the Best Results Foraging
- Where to Find Forageables in the State
- Peak Foraging Seasons
- The extensive local experience and understanding of our team
- Input from multiple local foragers and foraging groups
- The accessibility of the various locations
- Safety and potential hazards when collecting
- Private and public locations
- A desire to include locations for both experienced foragers and those who are just starting out
Using these weights we think we’ve put together the best list out there for just about any forager to be successful!
A Quick Reminder
Before we get into the specifics about where and how to find these plants and mushrooms, we want to be clear that before ingesting any wild plant or mushroom, it should be identified with 100% certainty as edible by someone qualified and experienced in mushroom and plant identification, such as a professional mycologist or an expert forager. Misidentification can lead to serious illness or death.
All plants and mushrooms have the potential to cause severe adverse reactions in certain individuals, even death. If you are consuming wild foragables, it is crucial to cook them thoroughly and properly and only eat a small portion to test for personal tolerance. Some people may have allergies or sensitivities to specific mushrooms and plants, even if they are considered safe for others.
The information provided in this article is for general informational and educational purposes only. Foraging involves inherent risks.
The Edible Plants Found in the State
Wild plants found across the state can add fresh, seasonal ingredients to your meals:
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)

Bright yellow flowers and jagged, deeply toothed leaves make dandelions easy to spot in open fields, lawns, and roadsides. You might also hear them called lion’s tooth, blowball, or puffball once the flowers turn into round, white seed heads.
Every part of the dandelion is edible, but you will want to avoid harvesting from places treated with pesticides or roadside areas with heavy car traffic. Besides being a food source, dandelions have been used traditionally for simple herbal remedies and natural dye projects.
Young dandelion leaves have a slightly bitter, peppery flavor that works well in salads or sautés, and the flowers can be fried into fritters or brewed into tea. Some people even roast the roots to make a coffee substitute with a rich, earthy taste.
One thing to watch out for is cat’s ear, a common lookalike with hairy leaves and branching flower stems instead of a single, hollow one. To make sure you have a true dandelion, check for a smooth, hairless stem that oozes a milky sap when broken.
Chickweed (Stellaria media)

Chickweed, sometimes called satin flower or starweed, is a small, low-growing plant with delicate white star-shaped flowers and bright green leaves. The leaves are oval, pointed at the tip, and often grow in pairs along a slender, somewhat weak-looking stem.
When gathering chickweed, watch out for lookalikes like scarlet pimpernel, which has similar leaves but orange flowers instead of white. A key detail to check is the fine line of hairs that runs along one side of chickweed’s stem, a feature the dangerous lookalikes do not have.
The young leaves, tender stems, and flowers of chickweed are all edible, offering a mild, slightly grassy flavor with a crisp texture. You can toss it fresh into salads, blend it into pestos, or lightly wilt it into soups and stir-fries for a fresh green boost.
Aside from being a food plant, chickweed has been used traditionally in poultices and salves to help soothe skin irritations. Always make sure the plant is positively identified before eating, since mistaking it for a toxic lookalike could cause serious issues.
Lamb’s Quarters (Chenopodium album)

Lamb’s quarters, also called wild spinach and pigweed, has soft green leaves that often look dusted with a white, powdery coating. The leaves are shaped a little like goose feet, with slightly jagged edges and a smooth underside that feels almost velvety when you touch it.
A few plants can be confused with lamb’s quarters, like some types of nightshade, but true lamb’s quarters never have berries and its leaves are usually coated in that distinctive white bloom. Always check that the stems are grooved and not round and smooth like the poisonous lookalikes.
When you taste lamb’s quarters, you will notice it has a mild, slightly nutty flavor that gets richer when cooked. The young leaves, tender stems, and even the seeds are all edible, but you should avoid eating the older stems because they become tough and stringy.
People often sauté lamb’s quarters like spinach, blend it into smoothies, or dry the leaves for later use in soups and stews. It is also rich in oxalates, so you will want to cook it before eating large amounts to avoid any problems.
Curly Dock (Rumex crispus)

Curly dock, sometimes called yellow dock, is easy to spot once you know what to look for. It has long, wavy-edged leaves that form a rosette at the base, with tall stalks that eventually turn rusty brown as seeds mature.
The young leaves are edible and often cooked to mellow out their sharp, lemony taste, which can be too strong when eaten raw. You can also dry and powder the seeds to use as a flour supplement, although they are tiny and take some effort to prepare.
Curly dock has some lookalikes, like other types of dock and sorrel, but its heavily crinkled leaf edges and thick taproot help it stand out. Be careful not to confuse it with plants like wild rhubarb, which can have toxic parts if misidentified.
Besides being edible, curly dock has a history of being used in homemade remedies for skin irritation. The roots are not eaten raw because they are tough and contain compounds that can upset your stomach if you are not careful.
Redbud (Cercis canadensis)

The small, pinkish-purple flowers of the eastern redbud grow directly from the branches and even the trunk. These blooms are edible raw and have a slightly tangy, pea-like flavor that works well in salads or as a garnish.
You can also eat the young seed pods when they’re still flat and tender. They taste somewhat like snow peas and can be lightly steamed, stir-fried, or pickled.
Avoid older seed pods, which become tough and fibrous. Also be aware that while the flowers and young pods are safe to eat, the mature seeds and bark are not consumed.
Some people sprinkle the blossoms into baked goods for a splash of color and a mild floral note. Others like to candy the flowers, though they lose some of their fresh bite in the process.
Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata)

Garlic mustard, sometimes called poor man’s mustard or hedge garlic, has heart-shaped leaves with scalloped edges and small white four-petaled flowers. When you crush the leaves between your fingers, they release a strong garlic-like smell that makes it stand out from similar-looking plants.
The flavor of garlic mustard is sharp and garlicky at first bite, with a peppery bitterness that lingers. Its young leaves are often blended into pestos, stirred into soups, or tossed into salads to add a punch of flavor.
You can also use the roots, which have a taste similar to horseradish when fresh. The seed pods are sometimes collected and used as a spicy seasoning after being dried and crushed.
If you decide to gather some, make sure not to confuse it with plants like ground ivy or purple deadnettle, which do not have that garlic aroma. Stick to harvesting the leaves, flowers, seeds, and roots, and avoid anything with a fuzzy texture or a very different smell.
Watercress (Nasturtium officinale)

Watercress, also known as yellowcress or garden cress, is an aquatic plant with small, rounded green leaves and hollow stems that often float along the water’s surface. It usually grows in dense mats, and the bright green color is one of the easiest ways to spot it in clear, shallow streams and ponds.
Besides being a popular edible green, watercress has been traditionally used in herbal remedies, especially for boosting digestion and respiratory health.
The leaves and stems are edible, offering a crisp texture and a peppery, slightly spicy taste that can remind you of arugula. People often enjoy it raw in salads, blended into soups, or lightly wilted into stir-fries for a fresh bite.
Stick to eating the leaves and stems, and avoid any parts that look yellowed or slimy, since healthy watercress should always look vibrant and clean.
Watercress has a few lookalikes like lesser celandine or young wild mustard, but true watercress has a distinct sharp flavor and tends to grow only in moving, clean water. Always double-check your identification, because gathering from stagnant or contaminated water sources can expose you to harmful bacteria or parasites.
Cattail (Typha latifolia)

Cattails, often called bulrushes or corn dog grass, are easy to spot with their tall green stalks and brown, sausage-shaped flower heads. They grow thickly along the edges of ponds, lakes, and marshes, forming dense stands that are hard to miss.
Almost every part of the cattail is edible, including the young shoots, flower heads, and starchy rhizomes. You can eat the tender shoots raw, boil the flower heads like corn on the cob, or grind the rhizomes into flour for baking.
Besides food, cattails have long been used for making mats, baskets, and even insulation by weaving the dried leaves and using the fluffy seeds. Their combination of usefulness and abundance has made them an important survival plant for many cultures.
One thing you need to watch for is young cattail shoots being confused with similar-looking plants like iris, which are toxic. A real cattail shoot will have a mild cucumber-like smell when you snap it open, while iris plants smell bitter or unpleasant.
Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)

With its jagged green leaves and deep taproot, horseradish has one of the strongest-flavored edible roots you’ll come across. The root delivers a punch of heat that’s more nasal than tongue-based, unlike chili peppers.
Some confuse its leaves with wild burdock or dock, but horseradish gives off a sharp scent when snapped or scratched that those plants lack. The leaves are large and veined, but they’re not the main attraction.
Grated horseradish is typically pickled or added to sauces like cocktail sauce or horseradish cream for beef dishes. Left raw, it loses potency quickly unless combined with vinegar.
Don’t eat the flowers or stem—they’re technically not harmful, but they offer no flavor and aren’t used in cooking. The root, when properly handled, becomes a powerful ingredient with a crisp texture and eye-watering bite.
Wild Carrot (Daucus carota)

Wild carrot, which you might know as Queen Anne’s lace, grows a slender, white taproot that’s tough and fibrous when mature. When it’s young, the root has a faint carrot scent and a slightly earthy taste that comes through best when boiled or slow-roasted.
The most dangerous thing about wild carrot is how closely it resembles poison hemlock, which has smooth, hairless stems with purple blotches. Wild carrot has fine hairs along its stems and a single dark floret in the center of its flat white flower clusters.
If you’re going to try it, stick to the root and avoid the leaves and stems, which can cause skin irritation in some people. The root is usually peeled, chopped, and cooked like a tougher version of a garden carrot, but don’t expect it to be sweet.
One interesting trait is how the flower head curls into a tight, nest-like shape as it matures. This plant’s close relatives include common garden carrots, but wild ones grow thinner, drier, and with a much stronger flavor.
Black Raspberry (Rubus occidentalis)

Black raspberries grow on arching canes covered with small, hooked thorns. The berries start out red before ripening to a deep purplish-black color, and they have a hollow core when picked.
The fruit tastes sweet with a mild tartness, and the texture is juicy but slightly firmer than a red raspberry. People often use black raspberries for jams, pies, syrups, and even simple fruit leathers made at home.
Blackberry and wineberry are common lookalikes, which can confuse foragers at first glance. Black raspberry canes usually have a whitish coating and smaller thorns compared to the shinier, stouter canes of a blackberry.
You can eat the ripe fruit raw or cooked, but the leaves are sometimes brewed into teas after proper drying. It is best to avoid the green, unripe berries, as they are tough and lack the flavor that makes black raspberry such a favorite.
Wild Strawberry (Fragaria virginiana)

Wild strawberry, sometimes called Virginia strawberry or mountain strawberry, grows low to the ground with three-part leaves that have jagged edges. The small white flowers with yellow centers eventually give way to tiny, bright red fruits nestled close to the soil.
The fruits are sweet with a burst of tartness, and their texture is much softer than the large cultivated strawberries you find in stores. You can eat them raw, mix them into jams, or bake them into pies for a rich, fruity flavor.
Wild strawberry can sometimes be confused with mock strawberry, which has similar leaves but produces dry, flavorless fruits and yellow flowers instead of white. Always check the flower color and taste a small piece before collecting more.
Only the berries and the tender young leaves of wild strawberry are edible, with the leaves often brewed into teas. Be careful not to overharvest because these plants grow slowly and support plenty of small wildlife.
Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum)

Blueberries grow on shrubs with smooth-edged, oval leaves and clusters of small white or pinkish bell-shaped flowers. The berries start green and ripen to a deep blue with a dusty-looking skin that easily rubs off.
A few lookalikes can confuse foragers, like the berries of Virginia creeper or pokeweed, but the differences are clear when you know what to check. True blueberries grow on woody shrubs and have a five-pointed crown on the bottom of each berry, while dangerous lookalikes often grow on vines or have no crown at all.
Blueberries have a sweet, sometimes tangy flavor and a juicy texture that makes them great for fresh eating. You can also bake them into pies, simmer them into jams, or dry them for snacks.
Only the ripe berries are eaten, while the leaves and stems are usually left alone.
Interestingly, blueberries is that they contain natural pigments that can turn recipes and even your fingers a deep purple when handled.
Serviceberry (Amelanchier canadensis)

Sweet and often compared to blueberries, serviceberry fruit grows in clusters on small trees and shrubs known by names like juneberry, shadbush, and sarvisberry. When ripe, the berries are deep purple to almost black, and they have a soft, juicy texture that bursts with flavor when you bite into them.
You can tell serviceberries apart from similar-looking plants like chokecherries by paying close attention to the leaves and the berry structure. Serviceberry leaves are finely toothed and oval, while chokecherry leaves tend to be more heavily serrated and broader near the tip.
The fruit has a mild, slightly nutty flavor underneath its berry sweetness, making it perfect for pies, jams, and even simple snacking straight off the tree. Some people like to dry the berries for later use, grinding them into meal or adding them to baked goods.
Only the berries are good for eating, so avoid trying other parts of the plant like the bark or leaves. Interestingly, serviceberry seeds have a faint almond taste, a reminder that this plant is part of the rose family just like apples and cherries.
American Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana)

Persimmon, sometimes called American persimmon or common persimmon, grows as a small tree with rough, blocky bark and oval-shaped leaves. The fruit looks like a small, flattened tomato and turns a deep orange or reddish color when ripe.
If you bite into an unripe persimmon, you will quickly notice an extremely astringent, mouth-drying effect. A ripe persimmon, on the other hand, tastes sweet, rich, and custard-like, with a soft and jelly-like texture inside.
You can eat persimmons fresh once they are fully ripe, or you can cook them down into puddings, jams, and baked goods. Some people also mash and freeze the pulp to use later for pies, breads, and sauces.
Wild persimmons can sometimes be confused with black nightshade berries, but nightshade fruits are much smaller, grow in clusters, and stay dark purple or black. Only the ripe fruit of the persimmon tree should be eaten; the seeds and the unripe fruit are not edible.
Beech (Fagus grandifolia)

From the American beech tree—also nicknamed white beech—you can collect small, three-sided nuts that are tightly enclosed in a spiny outer husk. They’re best roasted or pan-dried to bring out their buttery texture and mellow flavor.
The husks naturally open on their own once the nuts are ready, and you’ll often find two shiny brown seeds inside. Don’t eat them raw in large amounts, since they contain small amounts of oxalic acid that cooking neutralizes.
Beech trees are easy to confuse with chestnut trees at a glance, but chestnut leaves have longer tapering tips and the husks are far more heavily armored with spines. Avoid picking from horse chestnut, which has poisonous seeds that look similar.
Once prepared, the nuts can be added to soups or ground into a coarse flour for baked goods. Nothing else from the tree is eaten—only the seeds inside the husks are used.
Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)

The nuts of the black walnut, sometimes called American walnut or eastern black walnut, have a tough outer husk and a deeply ridged shell inside. When you crack them open, you will find a rich, oily seed with an earthy, slightly bitter flavor that sets them apart from the sweeter English walnut.
It is easy to confuse black walnut with butternut, another tree with compound leaves and rough bark. If you check the nuts closely, black walnut fruits are round with a thick green husk, while butternuts are more oval and sticky.
When you get your hands on the nuts, the common ways to prepare them include baking them into cookies, sprinkling them over salads, or grinding them into a strong-tasting flour. The seeds themselves have a firm, almost chewy texture when raw and become crunchy after roasting.
Only the inner seed is eaten, while the outer husk and shell are discarded because they contain compounds that can irritate your skin. A fun fact about this plant is that even the roots and leaves produce a chemical called juglone, which can make it hard for other plants to grow nearby.
Spicebush (Lindera benzoin)

Spicebush has smooth-edged leaves that release a spicy citrus scent when crushed, and it produces clusters of red berries that grow close to the stem. Those berries, along with the young twigs and leaves, are all edible and flavorful.
The berries are especially valued for their warm, peppery kick and are often dried and ground as a seasoning. You can steep the leaves and twigs into tea or simmer them into broths.
Avoid confusing it with lookalikes like Carolina allspice, which has larger, thicker leaves and lacks the same aromatic quality. Its berries also differ in size and internal seed structure.
Spicebush has a long history of use in traditional cooking for its mild numbing effect and warming flavor. Only the berries, leaves, and tender twigs should be consumed—avoid the bark and roots.
Carolina Rose (Rosa carolina)

Carolina rose has bright pink flowers with a flat, open shape and typically five petals arranged around a yellow center. Its thorns are straight and needle-like, unlike the curved ones you’d find on some other wild roses.
The plant produces red-orange hips that are safe to eat once the seeds and hairs inside are removed. They’re tangy and slightly sweet, making them good for jellies, teas, or simmered into sauces.
You can also use the petals, which are soft and delicate with a faintly sweet flavor that works well fresh or preserved in sugar. Don’t eat the leaves, stems, or seeds—they won’t harm you in small amounts but offer nothing good.
One thing to watch out for is pasture rose, which looks similar but usually grows taller and has more toothed leaves. Learning the shape of the flowers and the habit of the plant will help you avoid mixing them up.
Basswood (Tilia americana)

Basswood, also called bee tree or American linden, produces soft, pale green leaves that are edible when young and still slightly translucent. These leaves taste delicate and slightly mucilaginous, making them good raw in sandwiches or shredded into a salad.
The flowers can be brewed into a calming tea, but they also work as a fragrant garnish for cold desserts or infused honey. Some foragers even grind the seeds to make a coarse nut-flavored paste, though it spoils quickly.
Don’t confuse it with catalpa, which has larger leaves and long bean-like seed pods instead of rounded nutlets. Catalpa leaves are also thicker, odorless when crushed, and lack basswood’s small serrations.
Edible parts include the leaves, inner bark, flowers, and seeds, while the wood and mature bark should be avoided entirely. If you’re harvesting for a meal, stick with parts that snap cleanly and have a slight stickiness—that’s a good sign of freshness.
Toxic Plants That Look Like Edible Plants
There are plenty of wild edibles to choose from, but some toxic native plants closely resemble them. Mistaking the wrong one can lead to severe illness or even death, so it’s important to know exactly what you’re picking.
Poison Hemlock (Conium maculatum)

Often mistaken for: Wild carrot (Daucus carota)
Poison hemlock is a tall plant with lacy leaves and umbrella-like clusters of tiny white flowers. It has smooth, hollow stems with purple blotches and grows in sunny places like roadsides, meadows, and stream banks.
Unlike wild carrot, which has hairy stems and a dark central floret, poison hemlock has a musty odor and no flower center spot. It’s extremely toxic; just a small amount can be fatal, and even touching the sap can irritate the skin.
Water Hemlock (Cicuta spp.)

Often mistaken for: Wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) or wild celery (Apium spp.)
Water hemlock is a tall, branching plant with umbrella-shaped clusters of small white flowers. It grows in wet places like stream banks, marshes, and ditches, with stems that often show purple streaks or spots.
It can be confused with wild parsnip or wild celery, but its thick, hollow roots have internal chambers and release a yellow, foul-smelling sap when cut. Water hemlock is the most toxic plant in North America, and just a small amount can cause seizures, respiratory failure, and death.
False Hellebore (Veratrum viride)

Often mistaken for: Ramps (Allium tricoccum)
False hellebore is a tall plant with broad, pleated green leaves that grow in a spiral from the base, often appearing early in spring. It grows in moist woods, meadows, and along streams.
It’s commonly mistaken for ramps, but ramps have a strong onion or garlic smell, while false hellebore is odorless and later grows a tall flower stalk. The plant is highly toxic, and eating any part can cause nausea, a slowed heart rate, and even death due to its alkaloids that affect the nervous and cardiovascular systems.
Death Camas (Zigadenus spp.)

Often mistaken for: Wild onion or wild garlic (Allium spp.)
Death camas is a slender, grass-like plant that grows from underground bulbs and is found in open woods, meadows, and grassy hillsides. It has small, cream-colored flowers in loose clusters atop a tall stalk.
It’s often confused with wild onion or wild garlic due to their similar narrow leaves and habitats, but only Allium plants have a strong onion or garlic scent, while death camas has none. The plant is extremely poisonous, especially the bulbs, and even a small amount can cause nausea, vomiting, a slowed heartbeat, and potentially fatal respiratory failure.
Buckthorn Berries (Rhamnus spp.)

Often mistaken for: Elderberries (Sambucus spp.)
Buckthorn is a shrub or small tree often found along woodland edges, roadsides, and disturbed areas. It produces small, round berries that ripen to dark purple or black and usually grow in loose clusters.
These berries are sometimes mistaken for elderberries and other wild fruits, which also grow in dark clusters, but elderberries form flat-topped clusters on reddish stems while buckthorn berries are more scattered. Buckthorn berries are unsafe to eat as they contain compounds that can cause cramping, vomiting, and diarrhea, and large amounts may lead to dehydration and serious digestive problems.
Mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum)

Often mistaken for: Wild grapes (Vitis spp.)
Mayapple is a low-growing plant found in shady forests and woodland clearings. It has large, umbrella-like leaves and produces a single pale fruit hidden beneath the foliage.
The unripe fruit resembles a small green grape, causing confusion with wild grapes, which grow in woody clusters on vines. All parts of the mayapple are toxic except the fully ripe, yellow fruit, which is only safe in small amounts. Eating unripe fruit or other parts can lead to nausea, vomiting, and severe dehydration.
Virginia Creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia)

Often mistaken for: Wild grapes (Vitis spp.)
Virginia creeper is a fast-growing vine found on fences, trees, and forest edges. It has five leaflets per stem and produces small, bluish-purple berries from late summer to fall.
It’s often confused with wild grapes since both are climbing vines with similar berries, but grapevines have large, lobed single leaves and tighter fruit clusters. Virginia creeper’s berries are toxic to humans and contain oxalate crystals that can cause nausea, vomiting, and throat irritation.
Castor Bean (Ricinus communis)

Often mistaken for: Wild rhubarb (Rumex spp. or Rheum spp.)
Castor bean is a bold plant with large, lobed leaves and tall red or green stalks, often found in gardens, along roadsides, and in disturbed areas in warmer regions in the US. Its red-tinged stems and overall size can resemble wild rhubarb to the untrained eye.
Unlike rhubarb, castor bean plants produce spiny seed pods containing glossy, mottled seeds that are extremely toxic. These seeds contain ricin, a deadly compound even in small amounts. While all parts of the plant are toxic, the seeds are especially dangerous and should never be handled or ingested.
A Quick Reminder
Before we get into the specifics about where and how to find these mushrooms, we want to be clear that before ingesting any wild mushroom, it should be identified with 100% certainty as edible by someone qualified and experienced in mushroom identification, such as a professional mycologist or an expert forager. Misidentification of mushrooms can lead to serious illness or death.
All mushrooms have the potential to cause severe adverse reactions in certain individuals, even death. If you are consuming mushrooms, it is crucial to cook them thoroughly and properly and only eat a small portion to test for personal tolerance. Some people may have allergies or sensitivities to specific mushrooms, even if they are considered safe for others.
The information provided in this article is for general informational and educational purposes only. Foraging for wild mushrooms involves inherent risks.
How to Get the Best Results Foraging
Safety should always come first when it comes to foraging. Whether you’re in a rural forest or a suburban greenbelt, knowing how to harvest wild foods properly is a key part of staying safe and respectful in the field.
Always Confirm Plant ID Before You Harvest Anything

Knowing exactly what you’re picking is the most important part of safe foraging. Some edible plants have nearly identical toxic lookalikes, and a wrong guess can make you seriously sick.
Use more than one reliable source to confirm your ID, like field guides, apps, and trusted websites. Pay close attention to small details. Things like leaf shape, stem texture, and how the flowers or fruits are arranged all matter.
Not All Edible Plants Are Safe to Eat Whole

Just because a plant is edible doesn’t mean every part of it is safe. Some plants have leaves, stems, or seeds that can be toxic if eaten raw or prepared the wrong way.
For example, pokeweed is only safe when young and properly cooked, while elderberries need to be heated before eating. Rhubarb stems are fine, but the leaves are poisonous. Always look up which parts are edible and how they should be handled.
Avoid Foraging in Polluted or Contaminated Areas

Where you forage matters just as much as what you pick. Plants growing near roads, buildings, or farmland might be coated in chemicals or growing in polluted soil.
Even safe plants can take in harmful substances from the air, water, or ground. Stick to clean, natural areas like forests, local parks that allow foraging, or your own yard when possible.
Don’t Harvest More Than What You Need

When you forage, take only what you plan to use. Overharvesting can hurt local plant populations and reduce future growth in that area.
Leaving plenty behind helps plants reproduce and supports wildlife that depends on them. It also ensures other foragers have a chance to enjoy the same resources.
Protect Yourself and Your Finds with Proper Foraging Gear

Having the right tools makes foraging easier and safer. Gloves protect your hands from irritants like stinging nettle, and a good knife or scissors lets you harvest cleanly without damaging the plant.
Use a basket or breathable bag to carry what you collect. Plastic bags hold too much moisture and can cause your greens to spoil before you get home.
This forager’s toolkit covers the essentials for any level of experience.
Watch for Allergic Reactions When Trying New Wild Foods

Even if a wild plant is safe to eat, your body might react to it in unexpected ways. It’s best to try a small amount first and wait to see how you feel.
Be extra careful with kids or anyone who has allergies. A plant that’s harmless for one person could cause a reaction in someone else.
Check Local Rules Before Foraging on Any Land

Before you start foraging, make sure you know the rules for the area you’re in. What’s allowed in one spot might be completely off-limits just a few miles away.
Some public lands permit limited foraging, while others, like national parks, usually don’t allow it at all. If you’re on private property, always get permission first.
Before you head out
Before embarking on any foraging activities, it is essential to understand and follow local laws and guidelines. Always confirm that you have permission to access any land and obtain permission from landowners if you are foraging on private property. Trespassing or foraging without permission is illegal and disrespectful.
For public lands, familiarize yourself with the foraging regulations, as some areas may restrict or prohibit the collection of mushrooms or other wild foods. These regulations and laws are frequently changing so always verify them before heading out to hunt. What we have listed below may be out of date and inaccurate as a result.
Where to Find Forageables in the State
There is a range of foraging spots where edible plants grow naturally and often in abundance:
Plant | Locations |
Autumn Olive (Elaeagnus umbellata) | – White Clay Creek State Park – Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge – Brandywine Creek State Park |
Black Raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) | – Brandywine Creek State Park – Trap Pond State Park – Redden State Forest |
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) | – Bellevue State Park – White Clay Creek State Park – Killens Pond State Park |
Chickweed (Stellaria media) | – Fort DuPont State Park – Cape Henlopen State Park – Lums Pond State Park |
Curly Dock (Rumex crispus) | – Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge – White Clay Creek State Park – Killens Pond State Park |
Sheep Sorrel (Rumex acetosella) | – Cape Henlopen State Park – Brandywine Creek State Park – Redden State Forest |
Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) | – White Clay Creek State Park – Trap Pond State Park – Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge |
Daylily (Hemerocallis fulva) | – Brandywine Creek State Park – Lums Pond State Park – Delaware Seashore State Park |
Common Plantain (Plantago major) | – Bellevue State Park – Fort Delaware State Park – Cape Henlopen State Park |
Lamb’s Quarters (Chenopodium album) | – White Clay Creek State Park – Redden State Forest – Brandywine Creek State Park |
Wood Sorrel (Oxalis stricta) | – Trap Pond State Park – Killens Pond State Park – Fort DuPont State Park |
Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) | – White Clay Creek State Park – Brandywine Creek State Park – Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge |
Wild Garlic (Allium vineale) | – Cape Henlopen State Park – Lums Pond State Park – Bellevue State Park |
Redbud (Cercis canadensis) | – Brandywine Creek State Park – Redden State Forest – White Clay Creek State Park |
Cattail (Typha latifolia) | – Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge – Trap Pond State Park – Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge |
Spicebush (Lindera benzoin) | – White Clay Creek State Park – Brandywine Creek State Park – Redden State Forest |
Serviceberry (Amelanchier canadensis) | – Killens Pond State Park – Brandywine Creek State Park – Trap Pond State Park |
Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) | – Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge – White Clay Creek State Park – Lums Pond State Park |
Wild Strawberry (Fragaria virginiana) | – Brandywine Creek State Park – Cape Henlopen State Park – Redden State Forest |
American Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) | – Trap Pond State Park – Killens Pond State Park – Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge |
Sumac (Rhus typhina) | – Brandywine Creek State Park – Fort Delaware State Park – Cape Henlopen State Park |
Wild Carrot (Daucus carota) | – Redden State Forest – Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge – Bellevue State Park |
Hickory (Carya spp.) | – White Clay Creek State Park – Trap Pond State Park – Lums Pond State Park |
Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) | – Brandywine Creek State Park – White Clay Creek State Park – Fort DuPont State Park |
Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) | – Fort Delaware State Park – Lums Pond State Park – Bellevue State Park |
Sassafras (Sassafras albidum) | – Trap Pond State Park – Brandywine Creek State Park – Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge |
Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) | – Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge – Trap Pond State Park – Redden State Forest |
Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) | – White Clay Creek State Park – Redden State Forest – Brandywine Creek State Park |
Basswood (Tilia americana) | – White Clay Creek State Park – Brandywine Creek State Park – Redden State Forest |
Watercress (Nasturtium officinale) | – Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge – White Clay Creek State Park – Lums Pond State Park |
Carolina Rose (Rosa carolina) | – Brandywine Creek State Park – Cape Henlopen State Park – Trap Pond State Park |
Beech (Fagus grandifolia) | – White Clay Creek State Park – Brandywine Creek State Park – Redden State Forest |
Peak Foraging Seasons
Different edible plants grow at different times of year, depending on the season and weather. Timing your search makes all the difference.
Spring
Spring brings a fresh wave of wild edible plants as the ground thaws and new growth begins:
Plant | Months | Best Weather Conditions |
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) | March–May | Cool, sunny days after light rain |
Chickweed (Stellaria media) | March–May | Moist, partly cloudy to overcast days |
Wild Garlic (Allium vineale) | March–May | Sunny days with moist soil |
Spicebush (Lindera benzoin) | March–May | Damp woods with filtered sunlight |
Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) | March–May | Moist soil after spring rain, partly cloudy days |
Watercress (Nasturtium officinale) | March–May | Cool, flowing water in shaded creeks |
Curly Dock (Rumex crispus) | April–May | Damp soil after spring rains |
Sheep Sorrel (Rumex acetosella) | April–May | Mild temperatures, open sunny spots |
Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) | April–May | Cool, shaded forest edges after rain |
Redbud (Cercis canadensis) | April–May | Mild, dry conditions with full sun |
Wood Sorrel (Oxalis stricta) | April–May | Light shade, cool damp mornings |
Serviceberry (Amelanchier canadensis) | April–May | Cool, sunny mornings during early flowering |
Sassafras (Sassafras albidum) | April–May | Warm, sunny days in open woods |
Lamb’s Quarters (Chenopodium album) | May | Warm days, well-drained disturbed soil |
Carolina Rose (Rosa carolina) | May | Sunny, dry mornings after light rain |
Wild Carrot (Daucus carota) | May | Dry trailsides and fields with full sun |
Summer
Summer is a peak season for foraging, with fruits, flowers, and greens growing in full force:
Plant | Months | Best Weather Conditions |
Chickweed (Stellaria media) | Early June | Cool, overcast conditions post-rain |
Curly Dock (Rumex crispus) | June | Moist meadows or trailside edges |
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) | June | Sunny lawns or fields after rainfall |
Wild Strawberry (Fragaria virginiana) | June | Early mornings in sunlit meadows after dew |
Basswood (Tilia americana) | June | Hot, calm mornings when flowers bloom |
Daylily (Hemerocallis fulva) | June–July | Warm days, freshly rained-on soil |
Sheep Sorrel (Rumex acetosella) | June–July | Dry, sunny locations with sandy soil |
Sassafras (Sassafras albidum) | June–July | Full sun at woodland edges during dry spells |
Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) | June–August | Hot, sunny days in open fields |
Common Plantain (Plantago major) | June–August | After light rain on sunny mornings |
Cattail (Typha latifolia) | June–August | Warm, humid conditions in wetlands |
Wood Sorrel (Oxalis stricta) | June–August | Early morning in shaded, moist areas |
Lamb’s Quarters (Chenopodium album) | June–August | Dry, sunny conditions after a rain |
Wild Carrot (Daucus carota) | June–August | Sunny, open fields with dry soil |
Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) | July–August | Warm, sunny days with moist acidic soil |
Hickory (Carya spp.) | July–August | Warm, dry days in mature forests |
Fall
As temperatures drop, many edible plants shift underground or produce their last harvests:
Plant | Months | Best Weather Conditions |
Lamb’s Quarters (Chenopodium album) | Early September | Dry, sunny fields after dew lift |
Black Raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) | September | Clear mornings after summer heat |
Curly Dock (Rumex crispus) | September | Damp areas following fall rain |
Common Plantain (Plantago major) | September | Sunny, cool mornings post-rain |
Cattail (Typha latifolia) | September | Wetland edges on warm afternoons |
Wood Sorrel (Oxalis stricta) | September | Mild shade with moist soil |
Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) | September | Sunny days after rainfall, when berries ripen fully |
Spicebush (Lindera benzoin) | September–October | Sunny days when berries are fully red |
Autumn Olive (Elaeagnus umbellata) | September–October | Dry, sunny afternoons with full fruit |
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) | September–October | Cool, moist soil with intermittent sun |
American Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) | September–October | Cool nights and dry afternoons after first frost |
Sumac (Rhus typhina) | September–October | Dry, warm days when berries are deep red |
Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) | September–October | Breezy, dry days when nuts begin falling |
Hickory (Carya spp.) | September–October | Cool, dry forest floors with low humidity |
Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) | October (young rosettes) | Cool shade and moist forest edges |
Beech (Fagus grandifolia) | October | Crisp mornings and light wind in hardwood forests |
Winter
Winter foraging is limited but still possible, with hardy plants and preserved growth holding on through the cold:
Plant | Months | Best Weather Conditions |
Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) | November–February | Thawed ground after freeze cycles, cool overcast days |
Chickweed (Stellaria media) | December–February | Mild spells during winter thaws |
Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) | December–February | Mild, sunny breaks in cold weather with open forest cover |
Watercress (Nasturtium officinale) | December–February | Flowing streams with partial sun during winter thaws |
Wild Garlic (Allium vineale) | January–February | Thawed ground during mild winter days |
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) | February | Sunny days with above-freezing temps |
Common Plantain (Plantago major) | February | Sunny patches in low-growing grass |
Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) | February | Rosettes visible on warm winter afternoons |
One Final Disclaimer
The information provided in this article is for general informational and educational purposes only. Foraging for wild plants and mushrooms involves inherent risks. Some wild plants and mushrooms are toxic and can be easily mistaken for edible varieties.
Before ingesting anything, it should be identified with 100% certainty as edible by someone qualified and experienced in mushroom and plant identification, such as a professional mycologist or an expert forager. Misidentification can lead to serious illness or death.
All mushrooms and plants have the potential to cause severe adverse reactions in certain individuals, even death. If you are consuming foraged items, it is crucial to cook them thoroughly and properly and only eat a small portion to test for personal tolerance. Some people may have allergies or sensitivities to specific mushrooms and plants, even if they are considered safe for others.
Foraged items should always be fully cooked with proper instructions to ensure they are safe to eat. Many wild mushrooms and plants contain toxins and compounds that can be harmful if ingested.